动名词的用法是：在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。

1. 作主语

动名词作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如：Playing basketball is my hobby. 打篮球是我的爱好。

当表语是 no good, no use 等时，常用 it 代替动名词作主语。如：It is no good crying here.在这儿哭是没用的。

2. 作宾语

某些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，这类动词常见的有：admit，risk，envy，appreciate，forgive，escape，finish等。

例如：He didn't admit having broken the window. 他不承认是他打碎的窗户。

动名词也可以作介词的宾语。

如： The significance of learning English is to become an internationally able person. 学习英语的意义在于成为一名国际化的人才。

3. 作表语

  当动名词作表语的时候，可以和主语调换位置。如：My hobby is reading books.= Reading     books is my hobby. 我爱好阅读。

4. 作定语

  动名词作定语，一般表示用途。如：a waiting room, 意为“候车室”a reading room, 意           为“阅览室”；a dining room, 意为餐厅。

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动名词

一.概念

动名词是非限定动词的一种形式,由动词原形+ing构成.它既有动词的特征,又有名词的特征,故称.动名词也有时态和语态的变化,如表所示（以及物动词write为例）,不及物动词没有语态的变化.

时态/语态

主动

被动

一般式

writing

being written

完成式

having written

having been written

二.相关知识点精讲:

1.作主语.例如：

Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方与北方开战了.

　2.作宾语　

a.有些动词可以用动名词作宾语.例如：

admit 承认

appreciate 感激

avoid 避免

complete完成

consider认为

delay 耽误

deny 否认

detest 讨厌

endure 忍受

enjoy 喜欢

escape 逃脱

fancy 想象

finish 完成

imagine 想象

mind 介意

miss 想念

postpone推迟

practice 训练

recall 回忆

resent 讨厌

resume 继续

resist 抵抗

risk 冒险

suggest 建议

face 面对

include 包括

stand 忍受

understand 理解

forgive 宽恕

keep 继续

例如：Would you mind turning down your radio a little,please?你把收音机音量调小一点,好吗

The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.这松鼠幸运得很,刚逃避了被逮住的厄运.

b.有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分.例如：

admit to

prefer…to

be used to

lead to

devote oneself to

object to

stick to

no good

no use

be fond of

look forward to

be proud of

be busy

can't help

be tired of

be capable of

be afraid of

think of

burst out

keep on

insist on

count on

set about

put off

be good at

take up

give up

be successful in

3.作表语,对主语说明、解释.例如：

Her job is washing,cleaning and taking care of the children.她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子.

比较：She is washing,cleaning and taking care of the children.

4.作定语,一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途.例如：

a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台

a swimming pool=a pool swimming 游泳池

有些动名词作定语,与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂.例如：

boiling point=a temperature point at which something begins to boil 沸点

a walking tractor=a tractor which a driver can operate while he or she is walking behind it 手扶拖拉机

5.动名词复合结构

物主代词／人称代词或名词所有格／普通格与动名词连用,就构成了动名词的复合结构.物主代词或名词所有格等是动名词的逻辑主语.

动名词复合结构在句中主要作主语和宾语.

The students' knowing English well will help them to learn French．学生学好了英语对学习法语有帮助.

I remember Tom's going there．我记得汤姆去过那里.

三.巩固练习

1.It’s no use __________ theory without practice.

A.to learn B.of learning C.learn D.learning

2.Talking is easier than ______.

A.more doing B.to do C.doing D.much doing

3.Seeing it,he couldn’t help _______.

A.shouting B.shouting at C.shout D.his shouting

4.We insisted on ________ a good lesson.

A.teach B.her teaching C.teaching her D.himself teaching

5.Tom has got used to _________ Chinese.

A.to speak B.speaking C.to speaking D.to saying

6.The patient has given ________.

A.smoking B.out smoking C.smoke D.up smoking

7.The book is well worth ________ a second time.

A.reading B.seeing C.looking D.watching

8.Anybody won’t stand _______ like that.

A.to laugh B.being laughed at C.being not laughed at D.to laughing at

9.He admitted _________ Mary to that fellow.

A.having married B.to have married C.marrying not D.being married

10.Do you mind _________ a little late?

A.my being B.I being C.me to be D.be

11.The beautiful flowers want ________.

A.having watered B.watering C.being watered D.waters

12.She prefers ________ at home to _______ out at night.

A.to staygo B.goingstaying C.stayinggoing D.to stayinggo

13.Would you mind _________ alone at home?

A.left B.being left C.to be left D.leaving

14.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _______.

A.catching B.to catch C.being caught D.caught

15.I can hardly imagine Peter ________ across the Atlantic Oceanin five days.

A.sail B.to sail C.sailing D.to have sailed

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